IP- means access protection, ingress protection. It is an international standard for the protection of electrical and electronic equipment from the effects of potentially harmful environments. This standard provides information on the degree of protection of service personnel against electric shock when working with the device and the degree of protection of electronic components inside the device from the ingress of dust and moisture. The IP standard is recognized all over the world and references to national standards are used more often. Therefore, when choosing a device suitable for specific operating conditions, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the appearance of the device but also to the degree of protection of its IP. According to the accepted classification, the degree of IP protection to which a certified device is eligible is accompanied by a two-digit number, for example, IP65, IP68. The first digit of the IP standard is the degree of protection against mechanical damage (penetration and impact of solids). The second digit of the IP standard is the degree of protection against moisture or water penetration inside the junction box. Thus, the higher the two-digit number, the higher the degree of protection of equipment from the harmful effects of the environment.
The first digit of the IP standard: protection against mechanical damage
IP 0x- No protection against mechanical damage. Open design, dust protection, protection of personnel from contact with live parts.
IP 1x - Protection against penetration into the structure of large objects with a diameter of more than 50 mm. Partial protection against accidental contact with live parts (hand protection).
IP 2x- Protection of the structure from penetration of objects with a diameter of more than 12 mm. Do not touch live parts with your fingers.
IP 3x- The design does not allow the penetration of objects larger than 2.5 mm in diameter. Protect personnel from accidentally touching live parts with a tool or fingers.
IP 4x- Objects with a diameter of more than 1 mm cannot enter the structure.
The design protects live parts of the product from contact with fingers or tools.
IP 5x- It is unlikely that dust will penetrate the body of the product.
Full protection without touching live parts of the device.
IP 6x- Dustproof. Dust cannot fall on the structure.
The second digit of the IP standard: protection against moisture or water penetration
IP x0- There is no protection against moisture penetration inside the case.
IP х1- Protection against falling water drops.
IP x2- Protection against water splashes with an angle of inclination of up to 15 degrees.
IP x3- Water splash protection with a bending angle of up to 60 degrees from
the vertical side.
IP x4- Protection against water splashes from any direction.
IP x5- Protection against water currents from any direction.
IP x6- Protection against water currents or strong water pressure from any side.
IP x7- Protection against partial or short-term drowning to a depth of 1 m.
IP x8- Full and long-term immersion protection at depths greater than 1 m.
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